Sectional kiln.



G. R. MUMMA. SECTIONAL KILN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29| 1914.

Patented June 15, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET1.

THE NORRIS PETERS C01. PHDTaLITHO., WASHINGTON, D. t.A

i l i i l l Geenen R. MUMMA, or DAYTON,

OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 THE c. W. RAYMOND COMPANY,

OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION.

SECTIONAL KILN'.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented aan@ ia, rara.

Application led .T une 29, 1914-. Serial N o. 847,799.

T0 all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, GEORGE It. MUMMA, a citizen of the United States,residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Sectional Kilns; and Ido declare the following to be a full, clear, and eXact description ofthe invention, such'V as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompany-v ing drawings, and to the letters and iigures of referencemarked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in sectional kilnsin which the various compartments thereof are fired successively, thegreen ware being placed 4in a compartment in advance of the compartmentbeing fired and the burned ware being removed from a compartment in therear of the compartment being fired. When the ware in one compartment iscompletely iired, the firing is advanced one compartment in thedirection of the green ware. The kiln is generally fired by oil orproducer gas, and the air for supporting combustion in the burningcompartment passes through the compartments containing the cooling warebefore it is introduced into the burning compartment, thereby preheatingthe air.

he products of combustion from the burning compartments are introducedinto the forward compartments containing the green ware before beingconducted `outof the kiln through the stack. The green ware is,therefore, gradually heated before being fired. This arrangement effectsa great economy in fuel kand produces a superior product. In kilns ofthis type it has been found advantageous to expel the moisture from thegreen ware before preheating the ware by the products of combustion. Themoisture from the green ware is driven therefrom by air which has beenpreviously heated by the cooling ware in the compartment in the eX-treme rear of the compartment being iired. This drying process is knownas watersmoking, and a special flue known as the water-smoking flue 1sprovided 1n theV kiln to conduct this heated air.

One object of the present invention is to provide a kiln of this typewhich is simple in construction and in which the various flu'es areinclosed within the kiln, thereby providing an unobstructed top whichpermits the operators to have easy access to the gas valves and otherappliances. v

.Another object of the invention is to provide in a kiln of this typemeans whereby the arches of the compartments may easily expand andcontract under the influence of heat. And another object of theinvention is to provide a kiln of this type in kwhich the individual gasflues for the compartments vmay. be used in the water-smoking process1thlereby simplifying the construction of the n n.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

igure l is a perspective view, partially in section, of one end of akilnconstructed according to my invention; Fig. 2 is a section on theline a-a of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a section on the line Z -b of Fig. l; andFig. 4f is a section on the line 0*@ of Fig. 2;

In the specification and drawings, similar reference characters indicatecorresponding parts.

In the present instance, the invention as applied to a kiln having twosections A and B, which construction permits access to be had to thecompartments through both Yends thereof. However, the invention isadaptable to kilns of other well known constructions. The two divisionsof thekiln are of exact construction, but are turned end for end as willhereinafter appear. Only one division will, therefore, be described yindetail. Each kiln division consists of end walls l and side walls 2provided with tunnel doors 3 which give access to the variouscompartments. The kiln division also consists of division walls 4C whichlie parallel with the end walls l. 'Ihe walls ijoin the side Walls 2 atright angles and divide the kiln divisions into the variouscompartments. The division walls iV are joined by arches 5 which formthe tops of the compartments. Above the arches 5 an air space 5b isprovided by a sub-arch 5a. The sub-arch 52L supports the insulation 5and prevents it coming in contact with the main arch 5. The air space 5bis preserved by the sub-arch 5a and the arches 5V are thus enabled tofreely expand and contract under the influence of heat withoutdisturbing the remainder of the kiln. The compartments are provided withperforated `floors 6 through which said compartments communicate withfines l2 formed I have illustrated by parallel walls 7 110 of one kilndivision beneath the floors 6. The flues 12 discharge into lateral liues9 which may be connected with a main draft flue 10 by a hood 11 when itis desired to conduct the products of combustion or the heated air ofthe process of water-smoking out of the compartments. The flues l9 maybe disconnected from the main draft flue by a well known form of coverplate (not shown) which closes the openings at the end of the tunnelsand in the draft flue. Y The flues 12 communicate with the next adjacentcompartment through ports 13 in the division walls 4. The ports 13permit the products of combustion and the airv being preheated tosupport combustion to .pass from one compartment to another. The ports13 discharge into the neXtv compartment through uptakes 14 formed bysemi-circular bag-walls 15 which lie against the division walls 4 along`one side of the compartments. At opposite ends of each kiln division,the iiues 12 discharge into cross flues 16 which connect the kilndivisions and which discharge into uptakes 14 `through-ports 13 in theend Wall 1 ofthe opposite kiln division. The heated air and products ofcombustion may, therefore, be conductedfrom a compartment at one endinto a compartment at the same end of the other kiln division. Thecompartments of both kiln divisions may, therefore, be operatedconsecutively. In the construction shown in the present instance onlyalternate flues 12 connect with ports 13. To permit the intermediateflues 12 to connect with the ports 13 the walls 7 are provided withports 17.y The uptakes 14 also act as burner openings for thecompartments and the gas is delivered thereto through ports 13 in thedivision walls 4. The ports 13 connect with downtakes 19 which lead fromgas ducts at the top of each division wall 4. The passage of the gasinto the downtakes 19 ,is controlled by individual valves 21. The gas issupplied tothe gas ducts 20 through uptakes 22 in the outer side walls 2between the tunnel doors 3. The passage of the gas into the ducts 20 iscontrolled by valves23. The uptakes'v22 lead from'gas tunnels 24 whicheX- tend thelength of the kiln divisions below y the outer Walls 2. Thetunnels 24 lead from any suitable source of gas such as gas pro- Yducers. y

To perm't the ware in the compartments to be water-smoked, the kiln isprovided with a water-smoking flue 25 which lies along the adjacent sidewalls 2 and is made continuous by ducts 26 which extend across the kilndivisions at the ends thereof. As the gas ducts 20 of the compartmentscontaining the ware to be water-smoked are not performing theirfunctions of conducting the gas when said compartments are beingwater-smoked, the gas duct 20 of any one compartment is utilized indistributing the hot air of the water-smoking process. During thewater-smoking process the valves 21 and breachings and 34 serve asdampers for the'vvater-smoking flue. At the ends of the gas ducts 20,opposite the valves 23, said gas ducts are provided with ports 27 whichare closed by caps 28 when not used in the water-smoking process. Theports 27 may be connected with ports 29 in the water smoking flue 25 bybreaching 30. The ports 29 are normally closed by caps 31. rl`he airenters the cooling compartment through the ports 3 and, after thetemperature thereof is elevated by the cooling ware, the air passes outof the compartment through ports 32 in the arches 5 at the top of thecompartments. The ports 32 are normally closed by caps 33 and areconnected with the gas ducts 2O by breaching 34 which enter the ports 32and ports 35 in the top of the gas ducts 20. The ports 35 are normallyclosed by caps 36. After the heated air passes into one of the gas ducts20, it is conducted into the water-smoking flue 25 by the breaching 30.The water-smoking flue 25 then conducts the heated air around the kilnand discharges it into the flue 20 of the compartment to be water-smokedthrough another breaching 30. It is to be understood, that, when theflues 20 are used in watersmoking, the said flues are disconnected fromthe gas tunnel by the valves 23. The heated air may be introduced intothe compartment to be water-smoked through downtakes 19 and ducts 2O orthrough the top of the compartments through ports 32 and breaching 34.The circulation of air during the water'- smoking process is produced bythe products of combustion when passing up a stack (not shown) `butwhich is well known and which connects with the main draft iue 10, itbeing remembered that both the products of combustion and air from thewater-smoking flue discharge into the main draft flue. In some cases,however, a fan (not shown) may be provided in the main draft line toprovide for a draft. By thus constructing a kiln with the gas flues 20having a double function, the kiln is of simple construction and gasducts are eliminated from the top of the kiln, thereby permitting theoperators to manipulate the breaching and valves Without interference.

Having described my invention I claim.

1. A sectional kiln and the individual compartment gas flues thereof,said kiln being provided with ports above the compartments, said kilnbeing also provided with a continuous water-smoking liuc, said gas fluesand said water-smoking lue being being also provided with a second setof ports, and second breaching adapted to consaid sides being providedWith a gas tunnel neet the gas flues and the compartments at the bottomthereof and uptakes which through the ports in the top of the kiln andconnect said tunnel With said gas lues, and

the second named ports in the gas ues. a valve mounted at the upper endof each 15 6 2. In a sectional kiln, the top, and the end uptake.

side and division Walls thereof, said divi- In testimony whereof I aliXmy signature, sional Walls being provided with individual in presence oftwo Witnesses. Compartment gas iiues, said sides being pro- GEORGE R.MUMMA. vided With a continuous Water-smoking iue Witnesses: f 1o attheir top, means for connecting said gas R. J. MGOARTY,

iues With said Water-smoking flues, one of MATTHEW SLEBLER.

@omen o1? thm patent may be obtained for ve cents eaeh, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patente. Washington, D. C.

